Google Meet, Microsoft Teams and Zoom are all examples of common conferencing software used across large companies - companies that are large enough to be a juicy target for threat actors located in sanctioned countries. These actors, often just tech-savvy average joes, seek to get ahead by earning a US tech company salary. While their intent may not inherently be malicious, deception and fraud in getting the job can pose a reputational and legal risk to companies....
Dotfiles Backup, for the context of this blog is a framework/methodology/concept. It is a collection of files, often starting with dots (as the name implies) where users (developers, system admins, etc) store their personalised configurations for a variety of software. These collections are often pushed to a git repository and contain configuration files for software such as Vim, VSCode, Zsh, .aliases, git, and so on. A common use case for dotfiles is when users join new companies and get issued a work laptop....
Postman is an API platform for developers to design, build and test their APIs. The platform allows users to work in teams and organizations, giving users the option to share their workspace over the Internet. One of the features includes the ability to organize requests (GET, POST, PATCH, etc) on different ‘pages’, with the option to define request parameters, headers, authorization, body and tests. The issue at hand comes into play when request parameters are directly populated with values such as passwords, API tokens and secrets, combined with a workspace which has been shared publicly....
urlscan.io is a free and paid tool that is used to scan and analyse URLs. The tool is often used by Security Analysts and employees working in a SOC. It is also available as an integration add-on in several popular security toolings such as Splunk SOAR and Cortex XSOAR. This post will be focusing on the Search functionality in urlscan.io and how it can be abused to extract sensitive content due to tooling misconfigurations or accidental information leakage....
Blue Team Level 1 is a certification offered by Security Blue Team. The certification is aimed at entry to junior level roles and consists of six primary domains. At the time of writing the cost for the certification was roughly NZ$800, which included access to training material for 4 months and 100 hours of access to a lab environment. The training went over Security Fundamentals, Phishing Analysis, Threat Intelligence, Digital Forensics, Security Information and Event Management, and Incident Response....
eLearnSecurity Junior Penetration Tester (eJPT) is a certification offered by eLearnSecurity. The training for this certification is provided by the parent company called INE (Inter Network Experts). In order to train for eJPT, INE offers a Penetration Testing Student (PTS) pathway, free of charge, under the recently launched starter pass. The training itself consists of 38 hours worth of content, including slides, videos, practical labs and three practice black boxes. Coming from HackTheBox background, I had familiarity with most of the tools and concepts offered....
Matrix is an open standard and protocol for real-time communication. One of the Matrix package is a reference homeserver, known as Synapse. This means that Synapse is essentially a server that organisations and communities can run, to host and access their own Matrix server. This also means that those organisations are able to control who can sign up and access that particular server. To register on a server, the portal asks for details such as name, password, and email....
Element (formerly Riot and Vector) is an open source instant messaging application implemented over the Matrix protocol. Matrix is known for supporting end-to-end encryption and the application itself is available for various platforms, including Desktop, Mobile and Web. This post will only be addressing the mobile version, which contained the vulnerability at the time this was written. Firstly, the Android application in question is available at this link, with the code base for the application hosted here....
Back in April, one of the systems I was testing was a video conferencing application, known as BigBlueButton, an open source challenger to Zoom. The BigBlueButton installation comes with a user friendly interface, known as Greenlight, which ties in nicely with the BigBlueButton server. While most of the corporate installations would be using LDAP authentication, at times, installation will be based on standard username and password login mechanism, which is handled by Greenlight....
Easy Phish is an Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) challenge on hackthebox.eu, which provides the challenge flag through publicity available information. This walk-through will be providing step by step instructions on how that flag can be obtained. Customers of secure-startup.com have been receiving some very convincing phishing emails, can you figure out why? With the challenge brief above, three main points can be identified: The scope of the target is secure-startup.com domain and/or other related entities....